I won't talk much about schooner, yawl, junk, gaff or catboat rigs; while they have their own loyal followers and offer The foresail tack fastened to an iron bumkin protruding from the stemhead. Sailing terminology can be confusing, although in the writer’s experience, the more experienced a sailor you sail with (especially racers) the more relaxed about it they become. I like to use the term "split rig" to refer to any sailplan on a boat where sail area is divided between two (or more) masts, rather than crowded all on to one mast, as with a sloop or cutter. It’s probably fair to assume that for every sailing term there are at least 3 or more other pieces of jargon that fit equally as well. A Ketch rig seems to offer similar advantages. Needless to say, if you ever find yourself confronted by a Jackass-barque, a Brigantine and a Pentamaran and your crew ask you to explain which is which,  you’re best to just nod sagely, smile and go put the kettle on.. Professional Yachtmaster Fastrack Program, Tel (UK mobile): 07925 784407 Tel (Gibraltar office): 00 350 20077609, Professional Yachtmaster Fastrack program, What is the difference between a Sloop, Ketch, Yawl and Schooner, Professional Yachtmaster Fastrack Program. As the boat entered the water she was given a final shove with a spar. Ah, yes! [2]:159-175[13][11]:19-20, The Norfolk and Suffolk Beach Yawls were probably the fastest open boats ever built. For boats of the same length, generally the higher the S#, the lower the PHRF. A sloop has a mainsail and headsail configuration, the mainsail being set on the mast at its luff and and a spar at its foot called a boom. The definition, size, number of oars and sailing rig varied over time. John MacGregor had his 1867-built Rob Roy designed as a yawl. Modern sloop /cutter rigs with the modern sail handling equipment I believe dispel all the possible perceived advantages of a ketch except for one. See more. Jim mentioned that one of his acquatainces built a Caledonia Yawl (Iain Oughtred design) and even sailed in to the Apostle Islands. Yawls are currently popular in cruising dinghies. In addition to these vessel types we also have the catboat (usually a vessel with one mainsail set on a mast set more forward than usual), a dinghy (which I doubt needs explanation) and then there are the ships and multi-hulls, of which there are far too many for this blog! What’s in a Rig Series #5 – the Yawl. ... 29' Custom Ben Bow Cutter Georgetown Bahamas Asking $48,500. The lower the better. Like, the ketch a yawl is equipped with two masts, a main and a mizzen, but ordinarily on a yawl, the mast is smaller and set behind the rudder post. The sail is quite square and to hoist it the top gaff must be hoisted up the mast, raising the sail under it. As a rig, a yawl is a two masted, fore and aft rigged sailing vessel with the mizzen mast positioned abaft (behind) the rudder stock, or in some instances, very close to the rudder stock. This allowed slightly more sail to be set, so these were 2 masted with standing lug rigs. The majority of yachts today will be bermudan sloops. Most of these types are now extinct, but they include the Norfolk and Sussex Beach Yawls (called "yols" by the men who crewed them), which were probably the fastest-sailing open boats ever built.[2]:163[3]:279. Cutter sailing vessels for sale on Boat Trader are available for a swath of prices from $20,015 on the more reasonably-priced side all the way up to $1,493,394 for the bigger-ticket vessels. Generally, a yawl is a double-ended, clinker built open boat, which can be worked under sail or oar. Production (39) 1966-1970 When Navy dockyards started to copy the Deal-built boats, they moved to carvel construction. A cutter! [4]:21, The etymology of "yawl" is obscure - especially considering the different meanings of the word. [6]:202–212, A yawl is often considered a suitable rig for a short handed or single handed sailor. The jigger on the 2nd mast is a control sail, not normally used for upwind power. Cutter or sloop I have a Nassau 34 cutter that weighs 14250. The sailing rig was two-masted, typically setting identical sprit-sails. It appears that the Norwegian boatbuilders built specific types of craft to meet the needs of the Shetland market, as these boats differed somewhat from the ones used in Norway. Why are cutter sailing vessels popular? They remained prominent in handicap classes through the 1920s - with yachts like Rendezvous (built 1913) measuring 74 feet (23 metres) and setting 5,500 square feet (510 square metres) of sail. Sloop vs. Cutter I understand as an advantage of more but smaller sails, therefore easier handling and more variation according to conditions. It could have a staysail, if it is a cutter ketch. Most were operated from a beach or a small harbour, with the boat being hauled out of the water when not in use. A cutter is a sloop with 2 foresails (jib, staysail) and a mainsail. Clinker-built and double-ended, the hulls were typically 50 feet (15 metres) long with a beam of 8 to 10 ft (2.4 to 3.0 m). They look pretty on an old fashioned boat. A yawl (from Dutch Jol) is a two-masted sailing craft similar to a sloop or cutter but with an additional mizzen mast well aft of the main mast, often right on the transom. This was one of the normal working boats carried by a ship in the age of sail. Yachts were rigged as yawls as early as 1814. The term has several meanings. The mizzenmast is typically smaller on a yawl than on a ketch, but otherwise, these rigs are similar. It can apply to the rig (or sailplan), to the hull type or to the use which the vessel is put. A Yawl is a type of boat. The slightly shorter and beamier "bullock boats" carried supplies out to ships moored in the roads and would land catches of herrings from luggers. In 1817, Royal Navy yawls were issued in 8 different lengths between 26 ft and 16 ft. After this date, the yawl was less commonly used. A ketch, therefore, uses three primary sails: the mainsail and headsail, as on a sloop, plus the mizzen sail aft. Yes, my ears perked up since I have longed to get to the Apostles. 59' Custom Colin Archer 58 Cumayasa Dominican Republic I'm pretty sure yawls are or were generally regarded as better upwind performers than ketches, presumably because the diminutive mizzen brings the rig closer to a single-master. Other smaller Shetland types were the Ness Yole and the Fair Isle Yole. [1]:24, As a hull type, yawl may refer to many types of open, clinker-built, double-ended, traditional working craft that operated from the beaches of the British Isles. There are examples in both Shetland and Orkney, with type and local variations in design. Available as cutter or yawl. 14 knots could be achieved in the right conditions, and 16 knots has been measured for one of these boats. View All Sailboats. See Bristol 39. These companies are known to have existed at the start of the 18th century and yawls operated right through the 19th century, until steam power, efficient tugs and lifeboats put the last of them out of business by the start of the 20th century. On ketches and yawls, as I'm sure you know, the taller mainmast is forward and the shorter mizzenmast is aft. I’ve lost count of the number of times I’ve heard a very experienced offshore sailor request “a little on the yellow string please..”. [2]:159-175[13][11]:19-20, The yawls serviced the ships anchored in Yarmouth Roads, took pilots to and from ships, carried stores and performed salvage work. Most fractionally-rigged yachts have additional bracing aft the mast in the form of ‘running backstays’ which are set and tensioned dependent of the tack and point of sail. To continue my thoughts on what's important in a cruising boat, I'll talk about rig options – sloop vs. cutter vs. ketch – all of which we've had at least a little experience with.
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